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French invasion of Honolulu : ウィキペディア英語版 | French invasion of Honolulu
The French invasion of Honolulu (also known as the Sacking of Honolulu, or the Tromelin Affair) was an attack on Honolulu by Louis Tromelin in retribution for the local persecution of Catholics and repression of French trade. ==Prelude== On August 12, 1849, French admiral Louis Tromelin arrived in Honolulu Harbor on the corvette ''Gassendi'' with the frigate ''La Poursuivante''.〔Alexander p.266〕 While in Honolulu, De Tromelin found out about the past persecution of Catholics and the high tariffs on French brandy from French Consul William Patrice Dillon, who oversaw French interests in Hawaii. De Tromelin, angered by the ABCFM missionaries’ intention to shut out Catholicism and French trade, made ten demands to King Kamehameha III on August 22.〔Hawaiian Journal p.2〕
# The complete and loyal adoption of the treaty of March 26th 1846. # The reduction of the duty on French brandy to fifty per cent ''ad valorem''. # The subjection of Catholic schools to the direction of the chief of the French Mission and to special inspectors not Protestants and a treatment rigorously equal granted to the two worships and to their schools. # The use of the French language in all business intercourse between French citizens and the Hawaiian Government. # The withdrawal of the alleged exception by which French whalers which imported wine and spirits were affected and the abrogation of a regulation which obliged vessels laden with liquors to pay the custom house officers placed on board to superintend their loading and unloading. # The return of all duties collected by virtue of the regulation the withdrawal of which was demanded by the fifth article. # The return of a fine of twenty-five dollars paid by the whale ship ''General Teste'' besides an indemnity of sixty dollars for the time that she was detained in port. # The punishment of certain school boys whose impious conduct in church had occasioned complaint. # The removal of the governor of Hawaii for allowing the domicile of a priest to be violated by police officers who entered it to make an arrest or the order that the governor make reparation to that missionary. # The payment to a French hotel keeper of the damages committed in his house by sailors from HBMs (Britannic Majestys ) ship .〔
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